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Using a VPN is a great way to shield your internet traffic when you are traveling, but it's not a solution for encrypting your local files. .
When the FBI needed information from the San Bernardino shooter's iPhone, they asked Apple for a rear door to get past the encryption. But no such back door existed, and Apple refused to create one. The FBI needed to hire hackers to get into the phone.
Why wouldn't Apple help Because the moment a back door or similar hack is different, it will become a goal, a prize for the bad guys. It will flow sooner or later. In a discussion at Black Hat this past summer, Apple's Ivan Krstic revealed that the company has done something similar in their cryptographic servers.
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Apple can't update thembut the bad guys can't get in either. .
Back in the day, if you wanted to maintain a document key you could use a cipher to encrypt it and then burn the original. Or you might lock it up in a safe. The two main approaches in encryption utilities parallel those options.
One sort of product simply processes files and folders, turning them into impenetrable encrypted versions of themselves. The other creates a virtual disc drive that, when open, acts like any other drive on your system. When you lock the digital drive, each the files that you put into it are entirely inaccessible. .
Similar to the digital drive solution, a few products save your encrypted information in the cloud. This approach demands extreme caution, obviously. Encrypted information in the cloud has a far bigger attack surface than encrypted data on your own PC.
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Which is better It actually depends on how you plan to use encryption. If you are not sure, take advantage of this 30-day free trial provided by each one of these products to get a feel for the different options.
After you copy a file into secure storage, or create an encrypted version of it, you absolutely need to wipe out the unencrypted original. Just deleting it isn't sufficient, even in the event that you bypass the Recycle Bin, since the data still exists on disk, and data recovery utilities can often return back. .
Some encryption products avoid this problem by encrypting the file in place, literally overwriting it on disk with an encrypted version. It's more common, however, to provide safe deletion as an option. If you check that select something that lacks this attribute, you should find a free secure deletion tool to use along with it. .
Overwriting data before deletion is sufficient to balk software-based retrieval tools. Hardware-based forensic retrieval works since the magnetic recording of data on a hard drive isn't actually digital. It is more of a waveform. In simple terms, the process involves nulling out the known data and reading around the borders of what's left.
An encryption algorithm is like a black box. Dump a document, image, or other file into it, and you get back what sounds like gibberish. Run that gibberish back via the box, using the exact same password, and you get back the original.
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The U.S. government has depended on Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) as a standard, and all the products gathered here service AES. Even those that support other calculations tend to recommend using AES.
If you are an encryption specialist, you may prefer another algorithm, Blowfish, perhaps, or even the Soviet government's GOST. For the average consumer, however, AES is just fine.
Passwords are important, and you must keep them secret, right Well, not when you use Public Key Infrastructure (PKI) cryptography.
With PKI, you get two keys. One is public; you can share it with anyone, enroll it in an integral exchange, tattoo it on your foreheadwhatever you like. The other is personal, and should be closely guarded. If I want to send you a secret document, I simply encrypt it with your public key.
Simple! .
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Using this program in reverse, you can create an electronic signature that shows that your document came from you and hasn't been modified. How Exactly To encrypt it with your private key. The fact your public key decrypts it is all the proof you need. PKI support is less common than service for traditional symmetric algorithms. .
If you want to share a file with someone and your encryption tool doesn't support PKI, there are different options for sharing. Many products enable creation of a self-decrypting executable file. You could also find that the recipient can use a complimentary, decryption-only tool.