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Using a VPN is a terrific way to protect your internet traffic when you are traveling, but it is not a solution for encrypting your local files. .
When the FBI needed information from the San Bernardino shooter's iPhone, they asked Apple for a back door to get beyond the encryption. However, no such back door existed, and Apple refused to create one. The FBI needed to employ hackers to get into the phone.
Why wouldn't Apple help Since the moment a back door or similar hack exists, it becomes a goal, a prize for the poor guys. It'll flow sooner or later. In a talk at Black Hat this past summer, Apple's Ivan Krstic revealed the company has done something similar in their cryptographic servers.
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Apple can't update thembut the poor guys can't get in either. .
Back in the day, if you wanted to keep a document secret you can use a cipher to encrypt it and then burn the original. Or you could lock it up in a protected. The two main approaches in encryption utilities parallel those options.
One type of product simply procedures files and folders, turning them into impenetrable encrypted versions of themselves. Another creates a virtual disk that, when open, behaves like any other drive on your system. When you lock the virtual drive, each of the files that you put into it are completely inaccessible. .
Like the virtual drive solution, a few products store your encrypted information in the cloud. This strategy requires extreme care, obviously. Encrypted information in the cloud has a far bigger attack surface than encrypted data on your own PC.
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Which is better It actually depends on how you plan to use encryption. If you're not sure, take advantage of the 30-day free trial provided by each one of those products to have a sense of the different options.
Once you copy a document into protected storage, or make an encrypted version of it, then you absolutely need to wipe the unencrypted original. Just deleting it isn't sufficient, even if you skip the Recycle Bin, because the data still exists on that site disk, and data retrieval utilities can often get it back. .
Some encryption products prevent this issue by encrypting the file in place, literally overwriting it on disc with an encrypted version. It's more common, though, to provide safe deletion as an option. If you choose a product that lacks this attribute, you ought to find a free secure deletion tool to use along with it. .
Overwriting information before deletion is sufficient to balk software-based retrieval tools. Hardware-based forensic retrieval functions since the magnetic recording of information on a hard drive isn't actually digital. It's more of a waveform. In simple terms, the procedure involves nulling out the known information and reading around the edges of what is left.
An encryption algorithm is like a black box. Dump a document, picture, or other document into it, and you get back what sounds like gibberish. Run that gibberish back via the box, with the exact same password, and you get back the original.
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The U.S. government has settled on Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) as a standard, and all of the products accumulated here support AES. Even those that support other algorithms tend to recommend using AES.
If you're an encryption specialist, you might want another algorithm, Blowfish, perhaps, or the Soviet government's GOST. For the average user, however, AES is just fine.
Passwords are important, and you must keep them confidential, right Well, not when you use Public Key Infrastructure (PKI) cryptography.
With PKI, you receive two keys. One is public; you can share it with anyone, register it in an integral exchange, tattoo it on your foreheadwhatever you prefer. Another is private, and needs to be closely guarded. If I want to send you a secret document, I simply encrypt it with your public key.
Simple! .
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Using this program in reverse, you can create an electronic signature which shows that your document came from you and hasn't been altered. How Just encrypt this post it with your private key. The fact your public key decrypts it's all the proof you need. PKI support is less common than service for traditional symmetric algorithms. .
If you want to talk about a file with someone and your encryption tool doesn't support PKI, there are other options for sharing. Many products allow creation of a self-decrypting executable file. You could also find that the recipient can use a complimentary, decryption-only tool.